/* Custom Variable Defs & Style Parameters */
:root {
  --font-inter: 'Inter', sans-serif;
}

body {
  font-family: var(--font-inter);
}

/* Glassmorphism Navigation Effect on Page Scroll */
.nav-scrolled {
  background-color: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.85);
  backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(51, 65, 85, 0.5);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px -10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

/* Smooth layout scaling animation parameters */
.portfolio-item {
  transition: all 0.4s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

.portfolio-item.hidden-item {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scale(0.9);
  position: absolute;
  pointer-events: none;
  visibility: hidden;
}

/* Custom vertical scroll bar tuning parameters */
::-webkit-scrollbar {
  width: 8px;
}
::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  background: #0f172a;
}
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background: #334155;
  border-radius: 4px;
}
::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover {
  background: #d97706;
}


--- Variables & Reset Context ---


/* --- Section Layout --- */
.publications-section {
  background-color: var(--bg-section);
  padding: 80px 20px;
  font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
}

.container {
  max-width: 1140px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.section-title {
  font-size: 2.25rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-main);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  text-align: left;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}

.section-subtitle {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 48px;
  text-align: left;
  max-width: 700px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}


/* Award Card Base Styling */
.award-card {
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 24px;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
  transition: transform 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.2s ease;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.award-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

/* Modern Button Styling */
.btn-award {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-top: auto; /* Pushes the button to the bottom of the card if heights vary */
  padding: 10px 20px;
  background-color: #2563eb; /* Tailor this to your portfolio's accent color */
  color: #ffffff;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  border-radius: 6px;
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
}

.btn-award:hover {
  background-color: #1d4ed8;
}

.btn-icon {
  margin-left: 8px;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.btn-award:hover .btn-icon {
  transform: translateX(4px); /* Interactive subtle nudge on hover */
}


/* ==========================================================================
   Education & Academic Timeline Stylesheet
   ========================================================================== */

.education-section {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 4rem 2rem;
  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
}

/* Timeline Track Setup */
.timeline-container {
  position: relative;
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding-left: 2rem;
}

/* Vertically drawn line for the timeline track */
.timeline-container::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 7px;
  top: 10px;
  bottom: 10px;
  width: 2px;
  background: var(--border-subtle, #e2e8f0);
}

/* Individual Block Layout */
.timeline-block {
  position: relative;
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.timeline-block:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Timeline Custom Nodes */
.timeline-marker {
  position: absolute;
  left: -2rem;
  top: 6px;
  width: 16px;
  height: 16px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--bg-surface, #ffffff);
  border: 3px solid var(--accent-primary, #2563eb);
  z-index: 2;
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
}

.timeline-block:hover .timeline-marker {
  background: var(--accent-primary, #2563eb);
}

/* Content Container Details */
.timeline-content {
  background: var(--bg-surface, #ffffff);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-subtle, #e2e8f0);
  border-radius: 12px;
  padding: 2rem;
  transition: border-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.timeline-block:hover .timeline-content {
  border-color: var(--accent-primary, #2563eb);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 15px -3px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.03);
}

/* Typography elements */
.education-date {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--accent-primary, #2563eb);
  background: var(--bg-icon-badge, #eff6ff);
  padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
  border-radius: 30px;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.degree-title {
  font-size: 1.4rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary, #0f172a);
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem 0;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.institution-name {
  display: block;
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-secondary, #475569);
  margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}

.academic-honor {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--text-muted, #64748b);
  font-style: italic;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.education-details {
  font-size: 0.975rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--text-secondary, #475569);
  margin: 0;
}

/* Standout Research Block for the Master's Program */
.research-highlight {
  margin-top: 1.25rem;
  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
  background: var(--bg-panel, #f8fafc);
  border-left: 4px solid var(--accent-primary, #2563eb);
  border-radius: 0 8px 8px 0;
  font-size: 0.925rem;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--text-secondary, #475569);
}

.research-highlight strong {
  color: var(--text-primary, #0f172a);
}



/* ==========================================================================
   Academic Publications & Literature Portfolio Stylesheet
   ========================================================================== */

/* Main Layout Architecture */
.publications-section {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 5rem 0;
  background-color: #0f172a;
  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
}

.publications-section .container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
}

/* Section Heading Context */
.section-header {
  max-width: 100%;
  margin-bottom: 4rem;
  text-align: center;
}

.publications-heading {
  font-size: 2.25rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  background: linear-gradient(to right, #2563eb, #0d9488);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  background-clip: text;
}

.publications-intro {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #f1fbe7;
}

/* Flexible Layout Grid - Switches columns dynamically based on display width */
.publications-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(350px, 1fr));
  gap: 1rem;
}

/* Individual Publication Container */
.publication-card {
  background: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0;
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 1.2rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.02);
  transition: transform 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.25, 1, 0.5, 1),
              box-shadow 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.25, 1, 0.5, 1),
              border-color 0.3s ease;
}

/* Clean Micro-Elevated Interaction */
.publication-card:hover {
  transform: translateY(-6px);
  border-color: #2563eb;
  box-shadow: 0 20px 25px -5px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06), 
              0 10px 10px -5px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04);
}

/* Meta Wrapper Layout */
.pub-meta {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: flex-start;
  gap: 1rem;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.pub-journal {
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #d97706; /* Uniform sophisticated gold brand color */
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.pub-date {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.80rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--accent-primary, #2563eb);
  padding: 3px;
}

/* Typography Hierarchy & Structural Balancing */
.pub-title {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #0f172a;
  line-height: 1.4;
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem 0;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  font-style: italic;
}

.pub-abstract {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #475569;
  margin: 0 0 2rem 0;
  text-align: justify; /* Aligns abstract edge layouts cleanly */
}

/* Call to Action Framework Anchor Link */
.btn-pub {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  margin-top: auto; /* Aligns button to bottom when row card text counts differ */
  padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
  background-color: #0f172a;
  color: #ffffff;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  border-radius: 8px;
  transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
}

.btn-pub:hover {
  background-color: #2563eb;
}

.btn-arrow {
  margin-left: 0.5rem;
  transition: transform 0.2s ease;
}

.btn-pub:hover .btn-arrow {
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

/* Responsive Adaptive Adjustments */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .publications-section {
    padding: 3.5rem 0;
  }
  .pub-meta {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.25rem;
  }
  .publication-card {
    padding: 1.75rem;
  }
  .pub-title {
    font-size: 1.15rem;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Professional Portfolio Footer Stylesheet
   ========================================================================== */

.portfolio-footer {
  width: 100%;
  background-color: var(--bg-footer, #0f172a); /* Sophisticated Slate Blue/Dark Gray */
  color: #f8fafc;
  padding: 5rem 0 2rem 0;
  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
  border-top: 1px solid #1e293b;
}

.footer-container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 4rem;
  margin-bottom: 4rem;
}

/* Typography & Content Layout */
.footer-logo {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  background: linear-gradient(to right, #60a5fa, #2dd4bf);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  background-clip: text;
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.footer-tagline {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: #94a3b8;
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 420px;
}

.footer-column-title {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: #cbd5e1;
  margin: 0 0 1.5rem 0;
}

/* Link Formats without Unnecessary Bullets */
.footer-nav {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.footer-link {
  color: #94a3b8;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  transition: color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
  display: inline-block;
}

.footer-link:hover {
  color: #3b82f6;
  transform: translateX(2px);
}

/* Affiliation Badge Tags */
.footer-badges {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}

.affiliation-badge {
  display: inline-block;
  background-color: #1e293b;
  color: #cbd5e1;
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  padding: 0.4rem 0.75rem;
  border-radius: 6px;
  border: 1px solid #334155;
  width: max-content;
}

/* Bottom Bar Architecture */
.footer-bottom-bar {
  border-top: 1px solid #1e293b;
  padding-top: 2rem;
}

.footer-bottom-container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  color: #64748b;
}

.copyright-text, .design-credit {
  margin: 0;
}

/* Responsive Viewports */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .footer-container {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2.5rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
  }
  
  .footer-bottom-container {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.75rem;
    text-align: center;
  }
}

/* Contact & Network Channels Context */
.footer-contact-info {
  margin-top: 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  padding: 10px;
  font-style: normal; /* Normalizes italic address tag defaults */
}

.contact-channel {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  color: #94a3b8;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  transition: color 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
  width: max-content;
}

.contact-channel:hover {
  color: #3b82f6; /* Modern Blue Accent Highlight */
  transform: translateX(2px);
}

.contact-icon {
  margin-right: 0.5rem;
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: #60a5fa; /* Soft blue for icon anchors */
}